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| reynolds:start [2024/03/18 17:28] – created mtbtimeline | reynolds:start [2024/03/18 18:15] (current) – mtbtimeline |
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| ===== Reynolds ===== | ===== Reynolds ===== |
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| Alfred Milward Reynolds patented double butted steel tubing in 1898 in Birmingham, England and followed this by forming The Patent Butted Tube Company by December 1898. Alfred's grandfather, John Reynolds, started as a manufacturer of cut nails((Cut nails are made by stamping nails from rolled iron sheeting.)) in the same city by 1841. As early as 1900, a Reynolds bicycle tube set weighed only 4.5 pounds before joining. In 1934 the Reynolds Tube Company launched its venerable [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reynolds_531|531]] tube set, greatly increasing the strength of earlier high manganese steels((531 may refer to the relative ratios of the alloying materials: 1.4% Mn, 0.30% C, 0.20% Mo. Brand numbers, such as 753 or 953 are simply marketing and do not reflect the steel's chemical composition.)). Reynolds 531 tubesets weighed as little as 3 pounds((Tubeset weight is much lighter than frame weight, which includes the lugs, brazing material (this is before TIG welding which rendered 531 obsolete,) and braze-ons, such as cable guides and drop outs.)), reducing tube set weight by 1/3 for the same bike. For over fifty years Reynolds 531 was the standard in producing a quality brazed bike frame but became outdated by newer steels better suited to TIG/MIG welding. | Alfred Milward Reynolds patented double butted steel tubing in 1898 in Birmingham, England and followed this by forming The Patent Butted Tube Company by December 1898. Alfred's grandfather, John Reynolds, started as a manufacturer of cut nails((Cut nails are made by stamping nails from rolled iron sheeting.)) in the same city by 1841. As early as 1900, a Reynolds bicycle tube set weighed only 4.5 pounds before joining. In 1934 the Reynolds Tube Company launched its venerable [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reynolds_531|531]] tube set, greatly increasing the strength of earlier high manganese steels((531 may refer to the relative ratios of the alloying materials: 1.4% Mn, 0.30% C, 0.20% Mo. Brand numbers, such as 753 or 953 are simply marketing and do not reflect the steel's chemical composition.)). Reynolds 531 tubesets could weigh as little as 3 pounds((Tubeset weight is much lighter than frame weight, which includes the lugs, brazing material (this is before TIG welding which rendered 531 obsolete,) and braze-ons, such as cable guides and drop outs.)), reducing tube set weight by 1/3 for the same bike. For over fifty years Reynolds 531 was the standard in producing a quality brazed bike frame but became outdated by newer steels better suited to TIG/MIG welding. |
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| <blockquote> | <blockquote> |
| </div> | </div> |
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| | <div column 50% #intro> |
| | ---- |
| | ===== Reynolds Tube Models ===== |
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| | The Reynolds Tube Company produced over 70 models of tubing, from 453 -> 953, for steel and many other letter and number combinations for steel, aluminium, magnesium, and titanium. |
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| | {{tubing:rweight3.jpg?600|Tubing Strength}} |
| | \\ |
| | 1980s Reynolds TI catalog, [[https://v-cc.org.uk/|VCC]] library. |
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| | The chart shows the relative advantage of modern Reynolds tubing versus "others" plus the weakening effect of brazing and joining. Reynolds 531 was available in variants of 531 Competition, 531SL, 531 Professional, 531 Super Tourist, and many more. They all have the same material composition but differ in their butting profiles. As 531 deforms under the heat needed for TIG welding, it is no longer available, except for a anniversary set released in 2014 for vintage reproduction work. |
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| | Other notable tubing models include: |
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| | * **501**: CroMo steel, suitable for TIG welding. Debuted in 1983. Became popular with MTBs. |
| | * **525/520**: 4130 steel. "The entry point into butted steel tubing... suited to bikes where ultimate weight isn’t a priority."(([[https://www.reynoldstechnology.biz/materials/steel/s-525/|reynolds]])) |
| | * **725/720**: Heat treated 525. |
| | * **753**: Heat treated 531. Requires silver brazing where 531 can also be brazed with brass. Rare. |
| | * **853**: Air hardened & heat treated. |
| | * **953**: Uses [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maraging_steel|maraging steel]] produced by [[https://www.carpentertechnology.com/|Cerpenter Technology]] of Philadelphia, PA. |
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| | Resources: |
| | * [[https://www.reynoldstechnology.biz/]] |
| | * [[https://www.reynoldstechnology.biz/history-of-reynolds-technology-revealed-in-more-detail/]] |
| | * [[https://www.reynoldstechnology.biz/the-history-of-reynolds-technology/]] |
| | * [[https://kuromori.home.blog/reynolds-531/]] |
| | * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reynolds_Technology]] |
| | * [[https://www.base-mag.com/steel-is-real/]] |
| | * [[https://www.reynoldstechnology.biz/superior-mechanical-properties-of-953-and-931/]] |
| | * [[https://www.reynoldstechnology.biz/from-nails-to-bicycle-tubes/]] |
| | * [[https://www.reynoldstechnology.biz/]] |
| | * [[https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/1301/5071/files/531_history_aug_15.pdf]] |
| | * [[https://hlloydcycles.com/en-us/collections/reynolds]] |
| | * [[https://www.reynoldstechnology.biz/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/decal_history.pdf]] |
| | * [[https://www.cyclist.co.uk/in-depth/reynolds-men-of-steel]] |
| | * [[https://people.ece.ubc.ca/~gillies/reynolds/]] |
| | * [[https://www.reynoldstechnology.biz/materials/steel/steel-853/]] |
| | * [[https://www.reynoldstechnology.biz/reynolds-tubing-guide/]] |
| | * [[https://www.reynoldstechnology.biz/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/rtl_history.pdf]] |
| | * [[https://www.reynoldstechnology.biz/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/rtl_timeline2009.pdf]] |
| | * [[https://www.bretonbikes.com/homepage/cycling-article-blog/87-reynolds-531-tubing-the-cycle-tourists-friend]] |
| | * [[https://web.archive.org/web/20190316083437/http://www.reynoldstechnology.biz/materials/steel/s-531/]] |
| | * [[https://aghs.jimdofree.com/reynolds-images/]] |
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| | </div> |
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| | <div column 45%> |
| | {{tubing:reytubes.jpg?400| Reynolds factory, 2008}} |
| | \\ |
| | Reynolds factory, 2008 |
| | [[https://www.flickr.com/photos/witcomb/2219683612/in/photostream/|flickr]] |
| | \\ |
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| | </div> |
| | <div column 100% #timeline> |
| | ---- |
| | ===== Decal Timeline ===== |
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| | </div> |
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| | {{page>:timeline_reynolds}} |
