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--- intro [2021/05/03 18:26] – gchandler
+++ intro [2021/10/25 10:52] (current) – [Early Mountain Bikes] gchandler
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 ===== Early Mountain Bikes =====
-In 1977 Joe Breeze, Gary Fisher and Charles Kelley started to build the first modern mountain bicycles, defined by their gearing, light weight, strength, and fat tires. Designed to go fast both up and down steep dirt trails. As soon as people saw the possibilities, innovation exploded outwards from Marin around the world. The early origins, from geared clunkers in Marin ([[http://www.clunkers.net/|1974]]) to the Breezer ([[https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_1419571|1977]]) to the Stumpjumper ([[https://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1891369636/breakawaybooks|1981]]) are well documented(([[https://www.amazon.com/Birth-Dirt-Origins-Mountain-Biking/dp/1892495619|The Birth of Dirt (3rd ed.)]] by Frank J. Berto )). What isn't as well known are the nearly 100 builders during this early period creating their own species of mountain bikes. From 1980, mountain bike sales figures grew by an order of magnitude each year from 300 bikes in 1980 to an astounding 5,000,000 in 1985(([[https://www.amazon.com/Birth-Dirt-Origins-Mountain-Biking/dp/1892495619|The Birth of Dirt (3rd ed.)]] by Frank J. Berto, pages 12 & 83 )). By 1984 every major manufacturer was making a mountain bike and there were over 100 frame builders creating very different designs.
+In 1977 Joe Breeze, Gary Fisher and Charles Kelly started to build the first modern mountain bicycles, defined by their gearing, light weight, strength, and fat tires. Designed to go fast both up and down steep dirt trails. As soon as people saw the possibilities, innovation exploded outwards from Marin around the world. The early origins, from geared clunkers in Marin ([[http://www.clunkers.net/|1974]]) to the Breezer ([[https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_1419571|1977]]) to the Stumpjumper ([[https://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1891369636/breakawaybooks|1981]]) are well documented(([[https://www.amazon.com/Birth-Dirt-Origins-Mountain-Biking/dp/1892495619|The Birth of Dirt (3rd ed.)]] by Frank J. Berto )). What isn't as well known are the nearly 100 builders during this early period creating their own species of mountain bikes. From 1980, mountain bike sales figures grew by an order of magnitude each year from 300 bikes in 1980 to an astounding 5,000,000 in 1985(([[https://www.amazon.com/Birth-Dirt-Origins-Mountain-Biking/dp/1892495619|The Birth of Dirt (3rd ed.)]] by Frank J. Berto, pages 12 & 83 )). By 1984 every major manufacturer was making a mountain bike and there were over 100 frame builders creating very different designs.
-Most of these have been forgotten. This is an attempt to make a timeline of ALL manufacturers and models of mountain bikes from 1977 -> 1984. Some small builders with less than a dozen frames to their name have had huge influences.
+Most of these have been forgotten. This is an attempt to make a timeline of ALL manufacturers and models of mountain bikes from 1976 -> 1985. Some small builders with less than a dozen frames to their name have had huge influences.
 Borrowing from Frank J. Berto's definition of a "Mountain Bike." (([[https://www.amazon.com/Birth-Dirt-Origins-Mountain-Biking/dp/1892495619|The Birth of Dirt (3rd ed.)]] by Frank J. Berto, page 26 )), a mt. bike must:
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   - 1982 Schwinn King Sting 10: 40x48 front by 14-38 rear. Schwinn is getting there.
   - 2021 Mt. Bikes: 34 single front x 52 rear. Super low. And generally heavier than any old-school Ritchey.
-))
+))((Are modern downhill bikes mountain bikes?  They're geared to go one direction only: down.  For example, the Trek Session 9.9 ([[https://www.trekbikes.com/us/en_US/bikes/mountain-bikes/downhill-mountain-bikes/session/session-9-9-29/p/30268/|trekbikes]]) has its lowest gearing of 36x25 on 29" rims.  It simply can't go up.  But it has 190mm of travel front and rear...))
   * good, non-coaster brakes
   * flat handle bars ((Obviously there are some exemptions. See [[cc:start|Cunningham]] for example.  However arbitrary, some filtering is needed.))
   * have a Marin pedigree or connection
-  * be less than 40 pounds ((What about e-bikes?  The [[https://www.trekbikes.com/international/en_IN_TL/bikes/mountain-bikes/electric-mountain-bikes/powerfly/powerfly-long-travel/powerfly-lt-97-plus/p/24819/|Trek Powerfly 9.7]] weighs 51.5 pounds - with a carbon fiber frame...))
+  * be less than 40 pounds ((What about e-bikes?  The [[https://www.trekbikes.com/international/en_IN_TL/bikes/mountain-bikes/electric-mountain-bikes/powerfly/powerfly-long-travel/powerfly-lt-97-plus/p/24819/|Trek Powerfly 9.7]] weighs 51.5 pounds - with a carbon fiber frame...))((The United States International Trade Commission, which places an 11% tariff on mountain bikes, but only a 5.5% duty on road bikes, defines mountain bikes as: "Bicycles, not motorized, w/both wheels o/63.5 cm in diam., weighing 16.3 kg or more, and/or for use w/tires w/x-sect. diam. o/4.13 cm".  That is, rims >= 26", weight > 36#(!) and tire width >= 42mm (1.6").  See: [[http://www.faqs.org/rulings/tariffs/87120035.html|link]].  These definitions are very outdated, but still current.  Hybrids get caught within this definition, but not light weight mountain bikes.))
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 {{intro:repacklineup.jpg|Repack lineup }}
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-Fairfax Enduro Lineup, 1977, Jerry Riboli Photo.  [[http://www.vintagemtbworkshop.com/1938-schwinn-bomber.html|vintagemtbworkshop.com]]
+Fairfax Enduro Lineup, 1977, Jerry Riboli Photo.  [[http://www.sonic.net/~ckelly/Seekay/mtbwelcome.htm|Charlie Kelly's Mountain Bike Hubsite]]
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